Device protection is basically an enhancement of the secure lock screen. Suppose you enable that feature and have an account on your phone. The account is needed to access the device after a factory reset. This step will occur after selecting a Wi-Fi network. You enter the account used on the device previously before it was reset. So if someone takes your phone and tries to reset it, they won’t be able to get past the setup. Thus reducing the incentive to steal phones in the first place.
Disable Device Protection
An unlocked bootloader allows users to flash anything to the phone from recovery. Such as a system image that would overwrite Device protection. Because that workaround exists, device protection features are unavailable on unlocked phones and tablets.